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Wideband High-Frequency Echocardiography to Evaluate Myocardial Infarct Size

Division of Cardiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland USA (J.X., A.K.); and Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland USA (C.Z.).

Address correspondence to Ashwani Khanna, PhD, Division of Cardiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Bressler Research Building, 655 W Baltimore St, Room 8-019, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA., E-mail: akkhanna{at}medicine.umaryland.edu

Objective. This study was designed to validate the feasibility of wideband high-frequency ultrasound imaging to resolve in vivo the degree, location, and morphologic changes of myocardial infarction (MI) in a rat model. Methods. The left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated in the test group (n = 41), and the sham control group did not have ligation (n = 7). The rats were examined with 10- to 22-MHz echocardiography to evaluate the MI size, location, and geometric formation. Results. The endocardial chamber shape was deformed, with enlargement of the anteroposterior dimension and fractional shortening, and was comparable with the degree of MI both in short- and long-axis sections of the left ventricle. Histologic analysis showed remodeling to different extents corresponding to different MI sizes (small, medium, and large). Conclusions. The results suggest that this technique can be used in vivo to evaluate the MI location, size, and morphologic changes corresponding to the extent of the injury.

Key Words: high-frequency ultrasound imaging • histologic analysis • left anterior descending coronary artery • myocardial infarction

Abbreviations: BW, body weight • FS, fractional shortening • HW, heart weight • LAD, left anterior descending coronary artery • LV, left ventricle • LVAWT, left ventricular anterior wall thickness • LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter • LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic diameter • LVLWT, left ventricular lateral wall thickness • LVPWT, left ventricular posterior wall thickness • MI, myocardial infarction • MTS, Masson trichrome staining • 2D, 2-dimensional