JUM
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Bhat, A. H.
Right arrow Articles by Sahn, D. J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Bhat, A. H.
Right arrow Articles by Sahn, D. J.
© 2004 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
J Ultrasound Med 23:1151-1159 • 0278-4297

Validation of Volume and Mass Assessments for Human Fetal Heart Imaging by 4-Dimensional Spatiotemporal Image Correlation Echocardiography

In Vitro Balloon Model Experiments

Aarti Hejmadi Bhat, MD, Virginia N. Corbett, Ruolan Liu, Nathan D. Carpenter, Nick W. Liu, Anna M. Wu, Graham D. Hopkins, Xiaokui Li, MD and David J. Sahn, MD

Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon USA.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to David J. Sahn, MD, Clinical Care Center for Congenital Heart Disease, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, L608, Portland, OR 97239-3098 USA. E-mail: sahnd{at}ohsu.edu.

Objective. This study was designed to validate a slow-sweep real-time 4-dimensional (4D) spatiotemporal image correlation method for producing quantitatively accurate dynamic fetal heart images using an in vitro pulsatile balloon model and apparatus. Methods. To model fetal heart chambers, asymmetric double-walled finger stalls (tips of surgical latex gloves) were used and attached to a laboratory-designed circuit that allowed calibrated changes in the inner balloon volume as well as an intermediate gel mass interposed between the 2 layers. The water-submerged model was attached to a small-volume pulsatile pump to produce phasic changes in volume within the inner balloon at a fixed rate. A sonography system with 4D spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) capabilities was used for 3-dimensional (3D) and 4D data acquisition. Volume data were analyzed by customized radial summation techniques with 4D data analysis software and compared with known volumes and masses. Results. Fifty-six individual volumes ranging from 2.5 to 10 mL were analyzed. Volume and mass measurements with 4D STIC were highly correlated (R2 > 0.90). The mean percentage error was better (<6%) for volumes exceeding 4 mL and was as low as 0.3% for 6-mL estimations. Measurements in the diastolic phase were the most accurate, followed by mass estimations equivalent to chamber walls. There was a wider range of percentage error in the lowest volumes tested (2.5 mL), which might have arisen from difficulties in spatial resolution or distortions from within the model apparatus itself. Resolution limitations of 4D technology in combination with extremely small volume targets may explain higher error rates at these small volumes. Conclusions. Four-dimensional STIC is an acceptably accurate method for volume and mass estimations in the ranges comparable with mid- and late-gestation fetal hearts. It is particularly accurate for diastolic estimations, for chamber wall mass measurements, and at volumes of greater than 2.5 mL. This study validates use of 4D STIC technology to overcome the limitations of nongated 3D technology for phasic and quantitative assessments in fetal echocardiography.

Key Words: fetal echocardiography • 4-dimensional echocardiography • spatiotemporal image correlation • 3-dimensional echocardiography

Abbreviations: 4D, 4-dimensional • SEE, SE of the estimate • STIC, spatiotemporal image correlation • 3D, 3-dimensional • 2D, 2-dimensional




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
N. Hamill, R. Romero, S. S. Hassan, W. Lee, S. A. Myers, P. Mittal, J. P. Kusanovic, T. Chaiworapongsa, E. Vaisbuch, J. Espinoza, et al.
Repeatability and Reproducibility of Fetal Cardiac Ventricular Volume Calculations Using Spatiotemporal Image Correlation and Virtual Organ Computer-Aided Analysis
J. Ultrasound Med., October 1, 2009; 28(10): 1301 - 1311.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
J. Espinoza, R. Romero, J. P. Kusanovic, F. Gotsch, O. Erez, W. Lee, L. F. Goncalves, M. L. Schoen, and S. S. Hassan
The Role of the Sagittal View of the Ductal Arch in Identification of Fetuses With Conotruncal Anomalies Using 4-Dimensional Ultrasonography
J. Ultrasound Med., September 1, 2007; 26(9): 1181 - 1188.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Journal of Diagnostic Medical SonographyHome page
N. Tuning
Does Spatiotemporal Image Correlation Enhance the Diagnostic Usefulness of 3D and 4D Fetal Cardiac Imaging? A Literature Review
Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography, March 1, 2007; 23(2): 75 - 84.
[PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
J. Espinoza, J. P. Kusanovic, L. F. Goncalves, J. K. Nien, S. Hassan, W. Lee, and R. Romero
A Novel Algorithm for Comprehensive Fetal Echocardiography Using 4-Dimensional Ultrasonography and Tomographic Imaging.
J. Ultrasound Med., August 1, 2006; 25(8): 947 - 956.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
L. F. Goncalves, W. Lee, J. Espinoza, and R. Romero
Three- and 4-Dimensional Ultrasound in Obstetric Practice: Does It Help?
J. Ultrasound Med., December 1, 2005; 24(12): 1599 - 1624.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Copyright © 2004 by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.