Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, Vol 20, Issue 5 517-523, Copyright © 2001 by American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
The role of contrast-enhanced sonography for radiofrequency ablation of liver tumors
J. B. Liu, B. B. Goldberg, D. A. Merton, N. M. Rawool, L. Needleman and F. Forsberg
Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility and usefulness of contrast-enhanced
sonography for tumor detection and guidance of liver VX2 tumor ablation and
to evaluate post radiofrequency ablation effectiveness. METHODS: VX2 tumors
were implanted into the livers of 6 rabbits. Both conventional and harmonic
gray scale and power Doppler imaging were performed with a commercially
available scanner to evaluate the liver tumors before and after intravenous
injection of a sonographic contrast agent before and after radiofrequency
ablation. Contrast-enhanced imaging was used to detect the tumors before
ablation, to guide needle insertion, and to measure the ablation sites
after radiofrequency ablation. Pathologic examination was performed for
comparison. RESULTS: Three tumors were seen without contrast enhancement,
whereas 10 tumors (<1 cm) were detected with contrast enhancement.
Intentionally, 2 tumors were completely ablated and 5 tumors were partially
ablated. In 3 cases, incompletely ablated tumors could only be identified
on contrast-enhanced Doppler imaging by enhancing the detection of residual
tumor vascularity. There was excellent concordance between sonographic
imaging and gross pathologic findings. CONCLUSIONS: Contrast-enhanced
sonographic imaging appears useful for detection of liver tumors and for
guiding and monitoring tumor ablation therapies.