Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, Vol 15, Issue 6 447-451, Copyright © 1996 by American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
Evaluating blunt abdominal trauma:role for ultrasonography
K. A. Lentz, M. G. McKenney, D. B. Nunez Jr and L. Martin
Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33101, USA.
Patients in unstable condition with suspected blunt abdominal trauma
require rapid evaluation to assess the need for laparotomy. Ultrasonography
is fast and uses portable equipment, and it can be used in the
resuscitation area to detect free intraperitoneal fluid as an indication of
intraabdominal injury in the patient in unstable condition. To determine
the utility of emergency abdominal sonography for evaluating patients with
blunt abdominal trauma, a prospective study was designed to compare
ultrasonography to diagnostic peritoneal lavage. Emergency sonography was
performed prior to diagnostic peritoneal lavage on 54 acutely injured
patients in the resuscitation area. Our results reveal that ultrasonography
has a sensitivity of 87%, a specificity of 100%, and an overall accuracy of
96% for detecting free intraperitoneal fluid. We conclude that
ultrasonography is a reliable method for the emergent evaluation of blunt
abdominal trauma and can be used in place of diagnostic peritoneal lavage
as the initial indicator of significant intraperitoneal injury requiring
surgical intervention.