Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, Vol 14, Issue 3 169-172, Copyright © 1995 by American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
The significance of endometrial filling defects detected on routine transvaginal sonography
L. Stadtmauer and L. Grunfeld
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY 10028, USA.
The objective of this study was to compare endometrial filling defects
detected on transvaginal sonography performed without distending media with
findings on hysterosalpingography. Forty-three infertile patients were
studied in the follicular phrase. Of these, 17 patients had endometrial
contour abnormalities detected on vaginal sonogram and 26 patients had no
filling defects on ultrasonography. Ultrasonography of the endometrium and
hysterosalpingography were performed on all patients as part of a routine
workup for infertility. Patients with contour abnormalities detected on
either hysterosalpingography or transvaginal ultrasonography underwent
hysteroscopy. When a contour abnormality was detected on vaginal sonogram,
hysterosalpingography confirmed a defect in 94% of the cases and
hysteroscopy in 100% of the cases. Seven of 26 subjects (27%) with normal
vaginal ultrasonograms had abnormal hysterosalpingograms; however, only two
patients with a normal sonogram had abnormal hysteroscopic findings.
Filling defects seen on hysterosalpingography that were not detected on
sonography include synechiae, and cornual polyps. This study indicates that
vaginal ultrasonography is an accurate tool in the identification of
submucous fibroids and polyps. If the examination is performed in the
follicular phase, use of distending medium is not necessary to detect major
abnormalities of the endometrium. Synechiae are not, however, visible
without distention of the endometrial cavity.